Surfing Peer-to-Peer IPTV: Distributed Channel Switching

نویسندگان

  • Anne-Marie Kermarrec
  • Erwan Le Merrer
  • Yaning Liu
  • Gwendal Simon
چکیده

It is now common for IPTV systems attracting millions of users to be based on a peer-to-peer (P2P) architecture. In such systems, each channel is typically associated with one P2P overlay network connecting the users. This significantly enhances the user experience by relieving the source from dealing with all connections. Yet, the joining process resulting in a peer to be integrated in channel overlay usually requires a significant amount of time. As a consequence, switching from one channel to another is far to be as fast as in IPTV solutions provided by telco operators. In this paper, we tackle the issue of efficient channel switching in P2P IPTV system. This is to the best of our knowledge the first study on this topic. First, we conducted and analyzed a set of measurements of one of the most popular P2P systems (PPlive). These measurements reveal that the set of contacts that a joining peer receives from central server are of the utmost importance in the start-up process. On those neigbors, depends the speed to acquire the first video frames to play. We then formulate the switching problem, and propose a simple distributed algorithm, as an illustration of the concept, which aims at leveraging the presence of peers in the network to fasten the switch process. The principle is that each peer maintains as neighbors peers involved in other channels, providing peers with good contacts upon channel switching. Finally, simulations show that our approach leads to substantial improvements on the channel switching time. As our algorithmic solution does not have any prerequisite on the overlays, it appears to be an appealing add-on for existing P2P IPTV systems. Key-words: IPTV, Peer-to-Peer video streaming, network measurements, channel switching ∗ INRIA Centre Rennes Bretagne Atlantique, France † Institut TELECOM TELECOM Bretagne, France in ria -0 03 63 92 7, v er si on 1 24 F eb 2 00 9 Surf sur IPTV pair-à-pair: Changement De Chaine En Distribué Résumé : Il est maintenant courant pour les systèmes d’IPTV qui attirent des millions d’utilisateurs d’être basés sur des architectures pair-à-pair (P2P). Dans ces systèmes, à chaque châıne est associée un réseau logique connectant les utilisateurs. Cela améliore significativement le rendu, en soulageant la source de la gestion de toutes les connexions client. Pourtant, la procédure d’arrivée d’un pair dans le réseau requière habituellement un temps substantiel. Une conséquence directe est que le changement de châıne pour un pair est loin d’être aussi rapide que dans les solutions IPTV proposées par les opérateurs de télécommunications. Dans cet article, nous nous attaquons au problème du changement efficace dans les systèmes IPTV en pair-à-pair. Il s’agit, à notre connaissance, de la première étude sur le sujet. Tout d’abord, nous avons conduit et analysé un ensemble de mesures sur l’un des systèmes pair-à-pair les plus populaires (PPlive). Ces mesures révèlent que l’ensemble de contacts qu’un pair reçoit du serveur central en rejoignant un réseau est de la plus haute importance pour le lancement de l’application. De ces contacts dépend en effet la rapidité avec laquelle les premières images apparâıtront à l’écran. Nous formulons ensuite le problème du changement de châıne, et proposons un algorithme distribué, comme illustration du concept; celui-ci a pour but de tirer parti de la présence des pairs dans un réseau pour accélérer la procédure de changement. Le principe est que chaque pair maintienne comme voisins des pairs impliqués dans d’autres châınes, fournissant ainsi de bons contacts à un pair désirant changer de châıne. Enfin, nos simulations montrent que l’approche conduit à de substantielles améliorations de ce temps de changement. Comme notre solution algorithmique ne comporte pas de pré-requis sur les réseaux logiques, elle constitue un ajout attractif pour les systèmes d’IPTV en pair-à-pair déjà existants. Mots-clés : IPTV, changement de châıne, flux vidéo pair-à-pair, mesures réseau in ria -0 03 63 92 7, v er si on 1 24 F eb 2 00 9 Surfing Peer-to-Peer IPTV: Distributed Channel Switching 3

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تاریخ انتشار 2009